Input and Output of the Neocortex

Xiao Huang: DOORM, how does the neocortex handle input and output information?

DOORM: The neocortex processes input and output information through its layered structure. Neurons in layer IV receive inputs from outside the neocortex, particularly from the thalamus. Axons in layers V and VI primarily handle output to other areas outside the neocortex, such as the thalamus, brainstem, and spinal cord. The number and function of layers vary slightly in different regions; for example, the motor cortex has a thinner layer IV because it receives little external input, while the occipital lobe has more sub-layers to process a large amount of visual input.