Xiao Huang: How should we objectively evaluate the historical status of the Qing Dynasty?
DOORM: The Qing Dynasty had its brilliance—territorial expansion, population growth, and economic prosperity. Yet, due to literary inquisition and isolationism, it also suffered intellectual rigidity and missed the Industrial Revolution. This warns civilizations: openness and inclusiveness lead to prosperity; closure and self-isolation lead to decline. Even if an institutional system is powerful for a time, if it loses the courage for cultural reconstruction, it will eventually fall into “meanness” and stagnation.
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